agxАндрология и генитальная хирургияAndrology and Genital Surgery2070-97812412-890210.63769/2070-9781-2025-25-4-93-100agx-844Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ЛЕКЦИЯCLINICAL LECTUREРоль оксидативного стресса и генетических факторов в патофизиологических механизмах нарушения сперматогенеза у пациентов с варикоцеле. Часть 2The role of oxidative stress and genetic factors in the pathophysiological mechanisms of spermatogenesis disorders in patients with varicocele. Part 2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-3026СтепановВ. C.StepanovV. S.

Владимир Сергеевич Степанов, ассистент

МИ; ФНМО; кафедра эндоскопической урологии и ультразвуковой диагностики

Москва

Vladimir S. Stepanov, assistant

Medical institute; Faculty of continuous medical education; Department of endoscopic urology and ultrasound diagnostic

Moscow

stepanovvs1@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7323-3126ФаниевМ. В.FanievM. V.

Михаил Владимирович Фаниев, канд. мед. наук доцент

МИ; ФНМО; кафедра эндоскопической урологии и ультразвуковой диагностики

Москва

Author ID 1056145

Mikhail V. Faniev, M.D. Сand.Sc.(Med) Assoc. Prof.

Medical institute; Faculty of continuous medical education; Department of endoscopic urology and ultrasound diagnostic

Moscow

Author ID 1056145

faniev.mv@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0323-0218МирзоновВ. А.MirzonovV. A.

Владислав Александрович Мирзонов, главный врач

Химки

Vladislav A. Mirzonov, head

Khimki

mirzonov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3574-6190ВаричГ. А.VarichG. A.

Георгий Александрович Варич, заместитель главного врача по хирургии

Химки

Georgii A. Varich, Deputy Chief Physician for Surgery

Khimki

geravarich@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-1294-5245АлексеевА. А.AlekseevA. А.

Артем Александрович Алексеев, аспирант, врач-уролог

МИ; ФНМО; кафедра эндоскопической урологии и ультразвуковой диагностики

Москва

Artem А. Alekseev, graduate student; urologist

Medical institute; Faculty of continuous medical education; Department of endoscopic urology and ultrasound diagnostic

Moscow

a_alchakov@icloud.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-2921-1430ПапсуевВ. В.PapsuevV. V.

Вадим Витальевич Папсуев, врач уролог

МИ; ФНМО; кафедра эндоскопической урологии и ультразвуковой диагностики; медицинский холдинг

Москва

Vadim V. Papsuev, urologist

Medical institute; Faculty of continuous medical education; Department of endoscopic urology and ultrasound diagnostic

Moscow

vadimpaps@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-8911-5422БеспрозванныйВ. И.BesprozvanniV. I.

Владимир Игоревич Беспрозванный, врач-уролог-андролог

медицинский холдинг

Москва

Vladimir Besprozvanni, urologist, andrologist

Moscow

vi.besprozvanniy@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-8138КадыровЗ. А.KadyrovZ. A.

Зиератшо Абдуллоевич Кадыров, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой

МИ; ФНМО; кафедра эндоскопической урологии и ультразвуковой диагностики

Москва

Author ID: 6602093282

Zieratsho A. Kadyrov, MD, professor, head of the department

Medical institute; Faculty of continuous medical education; Department of endoscopic urology and ultrasound diagnostic

Moscow

zieratsho@yandex.ruРоссийский университет дружбы народов (РУДН); Медицинский центр «СМ-Клиника»РоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia; SM-Clinic medical holdingRussian FederationРоссийский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)РоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationГБУЗ Московской области «Химкинская клиническая больница»РоссияKhimki Clinical Hospital of the Moscow RegionRussian FederationРоссийский университет дружбы народов (РУДН); ГКБ № 24РоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia; City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow Health DepartmentRussian FederationМедицинский центр «СМ-Клиника»РоссияSM-Clinic medical holdingRussian Federation20252702202625493100Copyright © Степанов В.C., Фаниев М.В., Мирзонов В.А., Варич Г.А., Алексеев А.А., Папсуев В.В., Беспрозванный В.И., Кадыров З.А., 20262026Степанов В.C., Фаниев М.В., Мирзонов В.А., Варич Г.А., Алексеев А.А., Папсуев В.В., Беспрозванный В.И., Кадыров З.А.Stepanov V.S., Faniev M.V., Mirzonov V.A., Varich G.A., Alekseev A.А., Papsuev V.V., Besprozvanni V.I., Kadyrov Z.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://agx.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/844

   Научные исследования последних десятилетий показали, что одним из важных механизмов развития патоспермии при варикоцеле остается оксидативный стресс, который во взаимосвязи с другими факторами (тепловой стресс, рефлюкс метаболитов, гипоксия, воспаление и др.) сыграет важную роль в негативном влиянии на сперматогенез. Патофизиологические механизмы, способствующие развитию окислительного стресса, включают гипертермию мошонки, рефлюкс метаболитов, гипоксию яичек и накопление кадмия. В этом процессе участвуют генетические факторы, и, кроме того, варикоцеле вызывает дисбаланс эндокринных репродуктивных гормонов, влияя на процесс выработки сперматозоидов и приводя к мужскому бесплодию.

   Scientific studies over the last decades have shown that one of the important mechanisms for the development of pathospermia in varicocele remains oxidative stress, which in interrelationship with other factors (heat stress, metabolite reflux, hypoxia, inflammation) play an important role in negatively affecting spermatogenesis. Pathophysiologic mechanisms contributing to oxidative stress include scrotal hyperthermia, metabolite reflux, testicular hypoxia, and cadmium accumulation. Genetic factors are involved and, in addition, varicocele causes an imbalance of endocrine reproductive hormones, affecting sperm production and leading to male infertility.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.