<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agx</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Андрология и генитальная хирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Andrology and Genital Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-9781</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8902</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2021-22-1-62-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agx-475</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аугментация уретральной площадки в области головки полового члена и дистальной уретры – эффективный метод коррекции свищей  у детей с гипоспадией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Augmentation of the urethral plate in the glans penis area and the distal urethra – effective method of fistula correction in children with hypospadias</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5973-615X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудин</surname><given-names>Ю. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudin</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Эдвартович Рудин </p><p>105425 Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51, стр. 1</p><p>107014 Москва, ул. Рубцовско-Дворцовая, 1/3</p><p>125993 Москва,  ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy Edvartovich Rudin </p><p>Bld.1, 51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p><p>1/3 Rubtsovsko-Dvortsovaya St., Moscow 107014</p><p>Bld.1, 2/1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rudin761@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-2880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марухненко</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maruhnenko</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld.1, 51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-6441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107014 Москва, ул. Рубцовско-Дворцовая, 1/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1/3 Rubtsovsko-Dvortsovaya St., Moscow 107014</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-3447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>D. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld.1, 51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3162-5997</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагутин</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagutin</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld.1, 51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-4237</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вардак</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vardak</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld.1, 51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Отдел детской урологии Научно-исследовательского института урологии и интервенционной радиологии  им. Н.А. Лопаткина – филиала ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии»; 2-е детское отделение урологии-андрологии ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница Святого Владимира» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы; кафедра детской хирургии ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Pediatric Urology, N.A. Lopatkin Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology; 2nd Department of Pediatric Uurology-andrology, Children’s City Clinical Hospital of St. Vladimir, Moscow Department of Healthcare;  3Department of Pediatric Surgery, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Отдел детской урологии Научно-исследовательского института урологии и интервенционной радиологии  им. Н.А. Лопаткина – филиала ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Pediatric Urology, N.A. Lopatkin Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>2-е детское отделение урологии-андрологии ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница Святого Владимира» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>2nd Department of Pediatric Uurology-andrology, Children’s City Clinical Hospital of St. Vladimir, Moscow Department of Healthcare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В., Рудин А.Ю., Алиев Д.К., Лагутин Г.В., Вардак А.Б., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В., Рудин А.Ю., Алиев Д.К., Лагутин Г.В., Вардак А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rudin Y.E., Maruhnenko D.V., Rudin A.Y., Aliev D.К., Lagutin G.V., Vardak А.В.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agx.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/475">https://agx.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/475</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Важными причинами осложнений при коррекции гипоспадии считают дефицит тканей для пластики, малые размеры головки и рубцовые изменения тканей в области уретральной площадки. Свищ уретры в области венечной борозды − наиболее частое осложнение пластики уретры. Хирурги продолжают поиск надежных методик коррекции осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. За период 2011−2019 гг. оперировано 85 детей со свищом уретры в области венечной борозды в возрасте от 2 до 17 лет. Ранее этим больным с венечной и стволовой гипоспадией была проведена пластика уретры (TIP) Snodgrass – 78 (91,7 %), Mathuie – 7 (8,2 %). В нашей клинике ранее оперировались 28 (32 %) мальчиков, остальным 57 (67 %) первичное хирургическое вмешательство по формированию уретры выполнили в других лечебных учреждениях.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Все больные (85) были условно разделены на 2 группы. В 1-ю вошли 39 (45,8 %) детей, которым проведено ушивание свищевого хода, 2-ю группу составили 46 (54,1 %) больных, которым выполнена аугментация (увеличение, расширение) уретральной площадки в области головки и дистальной уретры с имплантацией прямоугольного свободного лоскута крайней плоти или слизистой полости рта. Рецидив свища уретры после ушивания наблюдали у 10 (25,6 %) детей из 1-й группы, и только в 2 (4,3 %) случаях  у детей с аугментацией уретральной площадки (p &lt;0,05). Снижение потока мочи по данным урофлоуметрии отмечено у 15 (52 %) больных 1-й группы, у детей 2-й группы снижения потока мочи не было.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Форма, размер головки и состояние уретральной площадки влияют на результат пластики уретры. Соединение крыльев головки в соответствии с нормальной анатомией позволяют избежать обструкции в дистальном отделе. Широкая уретра в области головки и наружного отверстия улучшает показатели потока мочи.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Аугментация уретральной площадки головки полового члена и дистальной уретры с имплантацией широкого прямоугольного свободного лоскута в область наружного отверстия, по нашему мнению, имеет преимущество перед имплантацией ромбовидных лоскутов по методике GTIP или TIPgraft. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Important causes of complications of hypospadias repair are the deficit of tissues for plastic surgery, grooveless and small size of glans, obliteration of the urethral platewith varying degrees of scarring. The coronal urethral fistula  is the most common complication of urethroplasty. Surgeons continue to search for reliable methods of correction of complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Between 2011 and 2019, 85 children aged 2 and 17 years presented with coronal fistula  of urethra after hypospadias repair. (TIP) Snodgrass – 78 (91.7 %) and Mathiue – 7 (8.2 %) procedures have been performed them earlier. In our clinic previously operated 28 (32 %) boys, primary surgery of the remaining 57 (67 %) was performed in other medical institutions.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. All patients (85), conditionally, were divided into two groups. The first group included 39 children (45.8 %), with stitching a fistula, the second group consisted of 46 patients (54.1 %), with augmentation of the urethral plate of the glans and distal urethra with the implantation of a rectangular preputial or oral mucosa free graft. Recurrent urethral fistula after stitching was observed in 10 boys (25.6 %) of the first group, and only in 2 cases (4.3 %) in children with the augmentation of the urethral plate (p &lt;0.05). The decrease of urine flow according to the data of uroflowmetry was observed  in 15 patients (52 %) the first group, the children of the second group did not have a decrease in the flow of urine.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The shape, size of the glans and the condition of the urethral plate affect to the result of urethroplasty. The connection of the wings of the glans in accordance with normal anatomy, avoid obstruction in the distal part of urethra. A wide urethra in the glans and meatal area improves urine flow.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p> Conclusion. The augmentation of the urethral plate of the penile glans and the distal urethra with the implantation of a wide rectangular free flap in to the meatus, in our opinion, an advantage over the implantation of diamond-shaped grafts using the GTIP or TIP graft technique. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипоспадия</kwd><kwd>пластика уретры</kwd><kwd>свищ уретры</kwd><kwd>аугментация уретральной площадки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypospadias</kwd><kwd>hypospadias repair</kwd><kwd>urethral fistula</kwd><kwd>augmentation of urethral plate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snodgrass W., Bush N. Hypospadiology. Dallas: Operation heppenis, 2015. Pp.387-394.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snodgrass W., Bush N. Hypospadiology. Dallas: Operation heppenis, 2015. Pp.387-394.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ашкрафт К.У., Холдер Т.М. Детская хирургия. Лечение гипоспадии. СПб., 1999. C. 37–38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashcraft K.W., Holder T.M. Pediatric surgery. Treatment  of hypospadias. St. Petersburg, 1999.  Pp. 37–8. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hadidi A.T., Azmy A.F. Hypospadias Surgery. Springer 2004:223–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hadidi A.T., Azmy A.F. Hypospadias Surgery. Springer 2004:223–35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Меновщикова Л.Б., Рудин Ю.Э., Гарманова Т.Н., Шадеркина В.А. Клинические рекомендации Европейской ассоциации по детской урологии-андрологии. М.: Перо, 2015. C.134–157.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Menovshchikova L.B.,  Rudin Yu.E., Garmanova T.N., Shaderkina V.A. Clinical recommendations of the European Association for Pediatric UrologyAndrology. Moscow: Pero, 2015.  Pp.134–157. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snodgrass W., Cost N., Nakonezny P.A. et al. Analysis of risk factors for glans dehiscence after tubularized incised plate hypospadias repair. J Urol 2011;185(5):1845–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.12.070.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snodgrass W., Cost N., Nakonezny P.A. et al. Analysis of risk factors for glans dehiscence after tubularized incised  plate hypospadias repair.  J Urol 2011;185(5):1845–6.  DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.12.070.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aboutaleb H. Role of the urethral plate characters in the success of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty. Indian J Plast Surg 2014;47(2):227–31. DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.138956.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aboutaleb H. Role of the urethral plate characters in the success of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty. Indian  J Plast Surg 2014;47(2):227–31.  DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.138956.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seleim H.M., El Sheemy M.S., Abdalazeem Y., et al. Comprehensive evaluation of grafting the preservable narrow plates with consideration of native plate width at primary hypospadias surgery. J Pediatr Urol 2019;15(4),345.E1–345.E7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.05.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seleim H.M., El Sheemy M.S., Abdalazeem Y., et al. Comprehensive evaluation of grafting the preservable narrow plates with consideration  of native plate width at primary hypospadias surgery. J Pediatr Urol 2019;15(4),345.E1–345.E7.  DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.05.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snodgrass W.T. Tubularized, incised plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias. J Urol 1994;151(2):464–5. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)34991-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snodgrass W.T. Tubularized, incised  plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias. J Urol 1994;151(2):464–5.  DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)34991-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В., Гарманова Т.Н. и др. Пластика головки полового члена в соответствии с нормальной анатомией – ключ к успешной коррекции гипоспадии. Урология 2013;(3):74–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin Yu.E., Marukhnenko D.V., Garmanova T.N. et al. Plastic surgery of the glans penis  in accordance with the normal anatomy  is the key to the successful correction  of hypospadias. Urologiya = Urology 2013;(3):74–8. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В., Гарманова Т.Н. и др. Выбор метода уретропластики у больных с дистальной и среднестволовой гипоспадией. Урология 2013;(1):92–6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin Yu.E., Marukhnenko D.V., Garmanova T.N.  et al. Selection of the method  of urethroplasty in patients with distal  and mid-stem hypospadias. Urologiya = Urology 2013;(1):92–6.(In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В. Оптимизация пластики уретры при лечении детей с дистальной и средне-стволовой гипоспадией. Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии 2015;5(2):20–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin Yu.E., Marukhnenko D.V. Optimization of urethral plastic surgery  in the treatment of children with distal and middle-stem hypospadias. Rossiiskii vestnik detskoi khirurgii, anesteziologii  i reanimatologii = Russian Bulletin  of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesiology and Resuscitation 2015;5(2):20–6.(In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каганцов И.М., Суров Р.В. и др. Сравнение результатов коррекции срединной и проксимальной гипоспадии у детей методикой Graft Tubularized Incised Plate. Экспериментальная и клиническая урология 2018;(4):110–3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kagantsov I.M., Surov R.V. et al. Comparison of the results of correction  of median and proximal hypospadias  in children by Graft Tubularized Incised Plate. Eksperimentalnaya i klinicheskaya urologiya = Experimental and Clinical Urology 2018;(4):110–3. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Queteishat A., Desai D., Cuckow P. et al. Use of an inner preputial free graft to extend the indications of Snodgrass hypospadias repair (Snodgraft). J Pediatr Urol 2005;1(6):395–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2005.03.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Queteishat A., Desai D., Cuckow P. et al. Use of an inner preputial free graft to extend the indications of Snodgrass hypospadias repair (Snodgraft).  J Pediatr Urol 2005;1(6):395–6.  DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2005.03.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kolon T.F., Gonzales Jr. E.T. The dorsal inlay graft for hypospadias repair. J Urol 2000;163(6):1941–3. PMID: 10799234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolon T.F., Gonzales Jr. E.T.  The dorsal inlay graft for hypospadias repair. J Urol 2000;163(6):1941–3. PMID: 10799234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes M.C., Malone P.S. The use of a dorsal buccal graft with urethral plate incision (Snodgrass) for hypospadias salvage. BJU Int 1999;83(4):508–9. DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.00043.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes M.C., Malone P.S. The use  of a dorsal buccal graft with urethral plate incision (Snodgrass) for hypospadias salvage. BJU Int 1999;83(4):508–9.  DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.00043.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В., Бачиев С.В. и др. Одномоментная уретропластика с увеличением площади головки полового члена при лечении гипоспадии у детей. Экспериментальная и клиническая урология 2010;(3):66–9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin Yu.E., Marukhnenko D.V., Bachiev S.V. et al. Simultaneous urethroplasty with an increase in the area of the glans penis  in the treatment of hypospadias in children. Eksperimentalnaya i klinicheskaya urologiya = Experimental and Clinical Urology 2010;(3):66–9. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В., Гарманова Т.Н. и др. Новый метод пластики головки полового члена у пациентов с гипоспадией. Экспериментальная и клиническая урология 2013;(1):87–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin Yu.E., Marukhnenko D.V., Garmanova T.N. et al. A new method  of plastic surgery of the glans penis  in patients with hypospadias. Eksperimentalnaya i klinicheskaya urologiya = Experimental and Clinical Urology 2013;(1):87–9. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bracka A. Hypospadias repair: the twostage alternative. Br J Urol 1995;3:31–41. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1995.tb07815.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bracka A. Hypospadias repair: the twostage alternative. Br J Urol 1995;3:31–41. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1995.tb07815.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bracka A. The role of two-stagerepair in modern hypospadiology. Indian J Urol 2008;24(2):210–8. DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.40618.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bracka A. The role of two-stagerepair  in modern hypospadiology. Indian  J Urol 2008;24(2):210–8.  DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.40618.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Winberg H., Anderberg M., Arnbjornsson E. et al. Urinary flow measurement in hypospadias correlated to surgical procedure and risk of development of urethra-cutaneous fistula. J Pediatr Urol 2020;16(3):306.E1–306.E8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.03.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Winberg H., Anderberg M., Arnbjornsson E. et al. Urinary flow measurement  in hypospadias correlated to surgical procedure and risk of development  of urethra-cutaneous fistula. J Pediatr Urol 2020;16(3):306.E1–306.E8.  DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.03.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersson M., Doroszkiewicz M., Arfwidsson C. Hypospadias repair with tubularized incised plate: Does the obstructive flow pattern resolve spontaneously? J Pediatr Urol 2011;7(4):441–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2010.05.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andersson M., Doroszkiewicz M., Arfwidsson C. Hypospadias repair  with tubularized incised plate:  Does the obstructive flow pattern  resolve spontaneously? J Pediatr  Urol 2011;7(4):441–5.  DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2010.05.006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pan P. Can Grafted Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty be Used to Repair Narrow Urethral Plate Hypospadias? Its Functional Evaluation Using Uroflowmetry. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2019;24(4):247–51. DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.JIAPS_151_18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pan P. Can Grafted Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty be Used to Repair Narrow Urethral Plate Hypospadias?  Its Functional Evaluation Using Uroflowmetry. J Indian Assoc  Pediatr Surg 2019;24(4):247–51.  DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.JIAPS_151_18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badawy H., Orabi S. Hanno A. et al. Posterior hypospadias: Evaluation of a paradigm shift from single to staged repair. J Pediatr Urol 2018;14(1):28.e128.e8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.07.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Badawy H., Orabi S. Hanno A. et al. Posterior hypospadias: Evaluation  of a paradigm shift from single to staged repair. J Pediatr Urol 2018;14(1):28.e128.e8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.07.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
