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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agx</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Андрология и генитальная хирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Andrology and Genital Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-9781</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8902</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2070-9781-2019-20-1-99-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agx-342</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Негативное влияние антиретровирусной терапии на показатели спермограммы у мужчин, инфицированных ВИЧ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Negative effect of antiretroviral therapy on spermogram values in HIV-positive men</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8830-2158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митюрина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mityurina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Викторовна Митюрина</p><p>117997Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mity-elena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4438-1354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перминова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perminova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-9772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селимова</surname><given-names>Ф. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selimova</surname><given-names>F. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-5602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4875-5309</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абубакиров</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abubakirov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5823-1667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаренко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. В.И. Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Kulakov National Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Митюрина Е.В., Перминова С.Г., Селимова Ф.Н., Попова А.Ю., Абубакиров А.Н., Назаренко Т.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Митюрина Е.В., Перминова С.Г., Селимова Ф.Н., Попова А.Ю., Абубакиров А.Н., Назаренко Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mityurina E.V., Perminova S.G., Selimova F.N., Popova A.Y., Abubakirov A.N., Nazarenko T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agx.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/342">https://agx.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/342</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — оценить показатели спермограммы мужчин, инфицированных ВИЧ и принимающих антиретровирусные препараты.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективное исследование «случай-контроль» вошли 115 мужчин: в основную группу — 51 пациент с ВИЧ-инфекцией, в контрольную группу — 64 пациента с отрицательным результатом серологического исследования на наличие ВИЧ и нормальными показателями спермограммы. Проведена оценка 97 и 111 образцов спермы. Статус пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией оценивали на основании данных о стадии и фазе заболевания, уровне вирусной нагрузки, уровне лимфоцитов CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ и длительности антиретровирусной терапии (АРВТ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. «Стаж» ВИЧ-инфекции варьировал от 2 до 9 лет (медиана 5лет). Антиретровирусные препараты принимали все пациенты. Медиана продолжительности приема препаратов — 1,5 года. У 48,4 % ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов выявлена нормозооспермия. В структуре патозооспермии преобладала тератозооспермия (40 %), при этом доля патологических форм сперматозоидов у мужчин с ВИЧ-инфекцией была существенно больше по сравнению с таковой у мужчин без ВИЧ (соответственно 97 (96—98) и 96 (95—96) %, р = 0,0001). Объем эякулята (2,7 (2,0—3,4) и 3,1 (2,3—4,0) мл, р = 0,003), общее количество (89,1 (47,3—153,0) и 198,8(138,5—272,8) млн, р = 0,0001), концентрация (36(21—52) и 63,5(46—91) млн/мл, р = 0,0001), доля прогрессивно-подвижных (40 (31—53) и 55 (48,7—62,2) %, р = 0,0001) и жизнеспособных сперматозоидов (78 (71,5—81,0) и 84 (82—87) %, р = 0,0001) были статистически значимо меньше, а число неподвижных форм (50 (39—55,5) и 38 (31,7—42,2) %, р = 0,0001) существенно больше у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов, чем у мужчин без ВИЧ. Установлена отрицательная корреляция числа аномальных сперматозоидов c уровнем лимфоцитов CD4+ (г = —0,362, р = 0,026), длительности заболевания с концентрацией сперматозоидов (г = —0,242, р = 0,020), доли прогрессивно-подвижных форм категории В с длительностью заболевания (г = —0,241, р = 0,024). Длительность АРВТ отрицательно коррелировала с долей прогрессивно-подвижных сперматозоидов категории В (г = —0,224, р = 0,036). Доля сперматозоидов с фрагментированной ДНК была существенно больше у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией, чем у мужчин без ВИЧ (соответственно 15,8 (12,4—23,0) и 9,95 (7,3—12,4) %, р = 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов, принимающих антиретровирусные препараты, усиливается фрагментация ДНК сперматозоидов и увеличивается доля их патологических форм. Доля аномальных форм сперматозоидов выше при низких показателях CD4+ лимфоцитов. Концентрация сперматозоидов снижается, а доля их неподвижных форм увеличивается при длительном течении ВИЧ-инфекции. АРВТ оказывает негативное влияние на подвижность сперматозоидов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study objective is to analyze spermogram values in HIV-positive men receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The prospective case-controlled study included 115 men: the main group consisted of 51 patients with HIV, control group consisted of 64 patients with negative serological test for HIV and normal spermogram values. In total, 97 and 111 sperm samples were analyzed. HIV status was evaluated based on disease stage and phase, viral load, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocyte counts and ART duration.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. History of HIV varied between 2 and 9 years (median 5 years). All patients were receiving ART. Median duration of drug administration was 1.5years. In 48.4 % of HIV-positive patients, normozoospermia was observed. In the structure of pathological zoospermia, teratozoospermia was the most prevalent (40 %), and the percentage of pathological forms of spermatozoa in HIV-positive men was significantly higher than in HIV-negative men (97 (96—98) and 96 (95—96) %, р = 0.0001, respectively). Ejaculate volume (2.7 (2.0—3.4) and 3.1 (2.3—4.0) ml, р = 0.003), total count (89.1 (47.3—153.0) and 198.8 (138.5—272.8) million, р = 0.0001), concentration (36 (21—52) and 63.5 (46—91) million/ml, р = 0.0001), percentage of progressive motile (40 (31—53) and 55 (48.7—62.2) %, р = 0.0001) and viable sperm (78 (71.5—81.0) and 84 (82—87) %, р = 0.0001) were significantly lower, and the number of immotile forms (50 (39—55.5) and 38 (31.7—42.2) %, р = 0.0001) significantly higher in HIV-positive patients than in men without HIV. Negative correlations between the number of abnormal spermatozoa and CD4+ lymphocyte count (r = —0.362, р = 0.026), disease duration and sperm concentration (r = —0.242, р = 0.020), percentage of progressive motile sperm (grade B) and disease duration (r = —0.241, р = 0.024) were established. ART duration negatively correlated with the percentage of progressive motile sperm (grade B) (r = —0.224, р = 0.036). Percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA was significantly higher in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative men (15.8 (12.4—23.0) and 9.95 (7.3— 12.4) %, р = 0.001, respectively).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In HIV-positive patients receiving ART, sperm DNA fragmentation and the number of pathological forms are increased. Percentage of abnormal forms is higher for lower CD4+ lymphocyte counts. Sperm concentration decreases, and percentage of immobile forms increases with duration of HIV infection. ART negatively affects sperm motility.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>фрагментация ДНК</kwd><kwd>фертильность</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>спермограмма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral therapy</kwd><kwd>DNA fragmentation</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>spermogram</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deeks S.G., Overbaugh J., Phillips A., Buchbinder S. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2015;1:15035. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deeks S.G., Overbaugh J., Phillips A., Buchbinder S. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2015;1:15035. 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