agxАндрология и генитальная хирургияAndrology and Genital Surgery2070-97812412-890210.17650/2070-9781-2018-19-3-27-34agx-305Research ArticleОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯREVIEWРоль методов хирургического получения сперматозоидов у пациентов с азооспермией в программах вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (обзор литературы)The role of surgical sperm retrieval techniques in patients with azoospermia in assisted reproductive technology programs (literature review)ГамидовС. И.GamidovS. I.

117997 Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4; 119991 Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 2, стр. 4

4 Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997; Build. 4, 2 Bol’shaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow 119991

ПоповаА. Ю.PopovaA. Yu.

117997 Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4; 119991 Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 2, стр. 4

4 Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997; Build. 4, 2 Bol’shaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-9789ГасановН. Г.GasanovN. G.

Натиг Гасан оглы Гасанов.

117997 Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4

4 Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997

natiqhasan@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-5216ОвчинниковР. И.OvchinnikovR. I.

117997 Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4

4 Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-368XНаумовН. П.NaumovN. P.

117997 Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4

4 Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997

ШатылкоТ. В.ShatylkoT. V.

117997 Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, 4

4 Akademika Oparina St., Moscow 117997

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава РоссииРоссияV.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияV.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation2018291120181932734Copyright © Гамидов С.И., Попова А.Ю., Гасанов Н.Г., Овчинников Р.И., Наумов Н.П., Шатылко Т.В., 20182018Гамидов С.И., Попова А.Ю., Гасанов Н.Г., Овчинников Р.И., Наумов Н.П., Шатылко Т.В.Gamidov S.I., Popova A.Y., Gasanov N.G., Ovchinnikov R.I., Naumov N.P., Shatylko T.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://agx.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/305

Обзор посвящен сравнению способов хирургического получения сперматозоидов: чрескожной и микрохирургической аспирации из придатка яичка, чрескожной аспирации и экстракции из яичка, в том числе микродиссекционной и мультифокальной. Эти методы позволяют мужчинам с азооспермией стать биологическими отцами благодаря использованию гамет, полученных из яичка или его придатка, в протоколах вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий. После лабораторной обработки материала сперматозоиды можно использовать для интрацитоплазматической инъекции и / или криоконсервации. В статье описаны история развития и технические нюансы этих хирургических вмешательств, выполнен анализ их преимуществ, недостатков и имеющихся ограничений. Упомянуты существующие лабораторные методы, применяемые для обработки полученных хирургическим путем сперматозоидов. Обсуждаются перспективы дальнейшего развития техники биопсии яичек, направленного на увеличение частоты обнаружения сперматозоидов.

This literature review is dedicated to surgical sperm retrieval techniques, such as percutaneous and microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration, testicular sperm aspiration, testicular sperm extraction (standard, microdissection, multifocal). Those methods allow men with azoospermia to achieve biological parenthood, because gametes retrieved from testis or epididymis are usable for assisted reproduction. After laboratory processing of surgical specimen the sperm may be used for intracytoplasmic injection and/or cryopreservation. In this article we discuss historical and technical aspects of such procedures and provide critical analysis of their advantages, disadvantages and limitations. Existing laboratory techniques for processing of surgically retrieved sperm are mentioned. We discuss possible future directions for development of testicular biopsy technique aimed at improving sperm retrieval outcomes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.